Tuesday, May 19, 2020
Transgender Bathrooms - Free Essay Example
Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 853 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/07/03 Category Religion Essay Level High school Tags: Transgender Essay Did you like this example? Imagine waking up and not feeling equal to what you see in the mirror. How you are on the inside is the complete opposite of whats reflected back to you. Now imagine trying to use the bathroom that` equates with what you identify as and who you are and being turned out because who you are is making others uncomfortable. Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Transgender Bathrooms" essay for you Create order Well I just described to you how 10% of just youth (The Williams Institute) or 150,000 children, feel everyday when they are forced to go to school and use the bathroom that doesnt reflect what they identify as. 62.1% (Human Rights Campaign) of those 150,000 kids are reporting mental health struggles daily. As a result of these feelings of not being supported and feeling alone, 41.8% (Human Rights Campaign) of that 150,000 children attempted suicide. But this can be turned around. These statistics of mental health woes and suicide attempts can be lowered. But it starts with changes to our schools. Gender neutral bathrooms need to be installed for the safety of the worlds youth, and to show that they are cared for. Even though many citizens feel these restrooms are not cost efficient, schools should contain gender neutral bathrooms because they would lower mental health issues in trans children, would help stop trans oppression, and they would help normalize being part of the LGBTQ+ community by breaking down stereotypes. To start with, multiple studies have led to prove that transgender and gender nonconforming youth suffer through depression and other mental health issues more when not supported in their community. Gender-neutral bathrooms would help that 62.1% (Human Rights Campaign) of trans youth lessen their suffering. But a big issue is that; many adults and parents belittle a transgender youths true feelings on a much deeper level. For many trans kids, this doubt and belittlement usually takes the form of parents saying that this is all a phase or even sending their kids to conversion therapy. (EYNKADOTPB). When schools, parents, and communities start to disregard or make less importance of their child or students feelings and brush-off someones identity, then its a perfect recipe for an unsupportive environment. Dr. Hansel Arroyo, director for the CTMS at Mount Sinai Medical even stated that; This isnt necessarily new data. Transgender youth and adults have higher rates of mood disorders, like depression and anxiety. He added that transgender people also have a much higher rate of suicide than people who correlate with their designated gender and are heterosexual (Health Day). But this hard path for transgender youth can be avoided; Socially transitioned transgender children who are supported in their gender identity have developmentally normative levels of depression and only minimal elevations in anxiety, suggesting that psychopathology is not inevitable in this group. (MHTGNYCWTP). If a school, university, or even a local restaurant started installing gender neutral bathrooms, k ids and young adults would understand that they are not alone, and shouldnt be ashamed of who they are. Gender-neutral bathrooms would make kids feel comfortable with themselves, which bring me to my next point. Having these non-gender restrooms in our schools can help stop trans oppression. Without schools showing their LGBTQ+ support or just simply being bystanders is contributing to trans oppression. Schools and communities cannot say they are in favor of something but not show any actions supporting that. And what better place to start than the restrooms? Using the restrooms is the great equalizer in all of us said by trans activist Janet Mock, and imagine having that basic right turned against you, just because of the way you look? In the Jim Crow era, bathroomsâ⬠along with water fountains and lunch countersâ⬠were places that were marked with white only signs. (EYNKADOTPB), and when you think about the Jim Crow era and whats happening now, the unfortunate reality is that both of these situations arent that different. But change is already starting to happen in one of New Jerseys neighboring states; Vermont; Lawmakers in the state of Vermont passed a bill recently that will re quire all single-user bathrooms in public buildings and other public places to be marked as gender-neutral. (Vermont passes gender-neutral bathroom bill). Change is possible, as proven by Vermont, but we first have to take the first step of action. Although many local and global citizens feel that gender-neutral bathrooms in schools would not be a smart way to spend money, schools should contain gender neutral bathrooms because the bathrooms would lower mental health disorders, end trans oppression, and non-gendered bathrooms would help to stop trans stereotypes. The biggest hurdle is the mass amount of fear of the unknown due to the lack of education. But evidence shows that change can happen, but only if we are all willing and lenient. All that is needed is to show your pride and support. Once again, imagine waking up and not feeling equal to what you see in the mirror. How you are on the inside is the complete opposite of whats reflected back to you. Now imagine using the bathroom that conforms to your identity, and feeling confident in who you are. Imagine being loved, supported, and accepted by your community.
Personal Statement On False Parentage - 1116 Words
False parentage My life was shattered irrevocably the day my father brought home a bomb. The bomb was the truth. The truth regarding my origin and belonging. All along I was a happy fourteen-year-old without a care in the world. My life revolved around school, many friends, fun and a loving family. Life was sweet, and sometimes I wish I had never eavesdropped on my parentââ¬â¢s conversation on that dreaded day. I donââ¬â¢t always have the habit of eavesdropping on peopleââ¬â¢s conversations, least of all my parents. I didnââ¬â¢t find it necessary. However, on April 7, 2011, I found myself glued to the door of my parentsââ¬â¢ bedroom. I had gone to inform my father that we (me, Michael, my younger brother, and Nanies, my young sister) were ready for the week long vacation to the sandy beaches of Key West, Florida. As I was about to knock on the door. I heard a heated argument inside. ââ¬Å"Am thoroughly disappointed in that child whom I have treated as my son these past 13 years.â⬠father said. ââ¬Å"You have to be patient with him,â⬠mother implored, ââ¬Å"he will improve his grades just as he promised. All we need is to encourage him more.â⬠ââ¬Å"I donââ¬â¢t have that patience, Emily. I wonââ¬â¢t be entertaining his stupidity for long.â⬠My whole body grew weak. Was it true? Maybe they were talking about somebody else. I tried consoling myself with this falsehood when everything pointed to me. I had not achieved the grades I wanted despite promising my father that I would improve. I remembered the stern look he gave meShow MoreRelatedUsage Disguising Themes in Twelfth Night4275 Words à |à 18 Pagesthe meaning of Truth. Viola contributes a great deal to the theme of Disguise versus Identity in Twelfth Night. Viola must bundle up her personal emotions which she has for Orsino. ââ¬Å"Love sought is good, but given unsought is betterâ⬠(Act iii, Scene I). The quotation describes Violaââ¬â¢s love for Orsino and her effort to disguise it causing false identity. The false identity confuses the charactersââ¬â¢ in the novel as well as the readers. Violaââ¬â¢s distinct personality of her own individuality is that sheRead MoreAppraisal of the Economic Implication of Electronic Banking in Nigeria Banks (a Case Study of Diamond Bank Plc Nigeria)8703 Words à |à 35 Pageselectronic banking is defined as a system by which transactions are settled electronically with the use of electronic gadgets such as ATMs, POS terminals, GSM phones, and V-cards e.t.c. handled by e-holders, bank customers, and stake holders. 1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS As earlier pointed out, there is delay in payment of cheques which lead to the adoption of electronic banking system. 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Joe is opposed to all false values, and does not present his view in bombastic speeches, but rather within himself and in his convictions. Joe also rejects the importance of property, pretty speech, and manners. Joe is also a very honorable and dignified man, which is sensedRead MoreIntroduction to Fmcg Industry8866 Words à |à 36 Pageshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_Shop_International_plc 3. Colgate-Palmolive Colgate-Palmolive Company (NYSE: CL) is an American diversified multinational corporation focused on the production, distribution and provision of household, health care and personal products, such as soaps, detergents, and oral hygiene products (including toothpaste and toothbrushes). Under its Hills brand, it is also a manufacturer of veterinary products. 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What Mr. Wells says of political processes is equally true of commercial and social processes and all manifestations of mass activity. The groupings and affiliations of society to-day are no longer subjectRead MoreBrand Building Blocks96400 Words à |à 386 Pagesbrand viz. Brands and sub-brands as well as co-brands with other firms. e.g. The brand portfolio of Hindustan Lever Ltd. Consisting of 110 brands with 950 of different types of packs which are operating under different market context like healthcare, personal care, beverages, etc. The decision parameters are should one or more brands be added or deleted? A brand portfolio can be strengthened by the addition of brands keeping in view the portfolio perspective. Similarly brands can be deleted by identifyingRead MoreManagement and Study Unit41787 Words à |à 168 Pagesinto a relatively large percentage increase in the organisationââ¬â¢s profit. This is clarified in section 1.3.2 of the prescribed book, and we expect you to understand the principles involved. ACTIVITY 1.4 Which statements about the principal contribution of purchases are true and which are false? The purchasing function contributes more to a retail enterprises profitability than to a manufacturing enterpriseââ¬â¢s profitability. (2) The purchasing function contributes more to profitability in a manufacturingRead MoreManagement and Study Unit41775 Words à |à 168 Pagesinto a relatively large percentage increase in the organisationââ¬â¢s profit. This is clarified in section 1.3.2 of the prescribed book, and we expect you to understand the principles involved. ACTIVITY 1.4 Which statements about the principal contribution of purchases are true and which are false? The purchasing function contributes more to a retail enterprises profitability than to a manufacturing enterpriseââ¬â¢s profitability. (2) The purchasing function contributes more to profitability in a manufacturing
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Religion in the World Today Essay - 5782 Words
Religion in the World Today Taking a look at world religion, we will look at different countries from different parts of the world; analyzing the different religious problems and human rights violations. The overall question that we propose is: is there a simple solution to these problems and what can be done about them? Throughout history, the lower class: those who are considered poor, minorities, and women, have been taken advantage of, denied their inalienable rights, and forced into unfavorable situations. Even in the United States within the last century, women have been denied the right to vote. Minorities, such as African Americans, were denied equal treatment. Blacks were legally obligated to separateâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Civil rights activists suffer greatly in their pursuit to glorify civil rights but are often cut down by government and military officials who oppose the ideas represented by the minority. Lack of punishment prevails, as it has done for decades. The works of international human rights organizations would terminate were it not for the help, teamwork, and information which human rights defenders provide. In a nutshell, human rights defenders are the people in the lead of the struggle to understand the ideals proclaimed in the Universal Declaration of Huma n Rights, that all people should be free from ââ¬Å"fear and wantâ⬠. Defenders make every effort to gain the maximum amount of equality and human dignity without the exploitation of minority groups when oppressors are imposing unnecessary laws against minority groups. Combined with N.G.O.ââ¬â¢s and other individuals or associations, trade unions, and religious organizations, the human rights community continues to fight for the advancement of the human race. Through the promotion of human rights education and denouncing violations, human rights defenders help to have power over the authoritarian tendencies that can appear in any government, no matter how much of a democracy it seems to be. Everyone in this battle to combat the denial of human rights, especially the freedom to practice any religion, lives an important life and isShow MoreRelatedReligions Around The World Today1158 Words à |à 5 PagesThere are many different religions around the world today. We all have our own opinions on whether or not we believe in God or not, but what makes every religion different from the other could be because of traditions or rituals, the way we dress based on our religion or the place we worship. However the one thing we all have in common is we turn to religion to guide us in one way or another for greater depth or to set us down the right path in life. Firstly there is Hinduism. Hindus believe thatRead MoreThere Are So Many Religions In The World Today That It1741 Words à |à 7 Pages There are so many religions in the world today that it would take several lifetimes to fully understand each and every one. Luckily, we will just be discussing the four major Eastern religions in this essay which are Hinduism, Daoism, Confucianism, and Buddhism. Each religion has similar ideas when it comes to the lack of value of the material world and finding true spiritual meaning but differs in many things. For instance, how to escape the material world, practices, the purpose in life, and moralRead MoreBuddhism is considered as one of the leading religions throughout the world today. In order for a900 Words à |à 4 PagesBuddhism is considered as one of the leading religions throughout the world today. In order for a Buddhist to follow the religion, there are certain set of guidelines that one has to follow to gain a better life, but most pe ople have other factors that they have to face along this path. The story, ââ¬Å"The Journey of One Buddhist Nunâ⬠by Sid Brown, is an account of a Thai woman, Maechi Wabi, who entered a spiritual life along with life struggles and outside influences. According to Brown, Wabi facedRead MoreAccording to the book, World Religions Today, by John L. Esposito, Darrell J. Fasching, and Todd1600 Words à |à 7 Pagesthe book, World Religions Today, by John L. Esposito, Darrell J. Fasching, and Todd Lewis, under the section entitled The Sacred, it states that religion ââ¬Å"expresses our sense of being ââ¬Å"tied and boundâ⬠by relations of obligation to whatever powers we believe govern our destiny-whether these powers be natural or supernatural, personal or impersonal, one or manyâ⬠(9). Furthermore, the book World Religions Today, by John L. Esposito, Darrell J. Fasching, and Todd Lewis, states that the religions of variousRead MoreThe Contributions of Religion to Huma n Knowledge858 Words à |à 3 Pagesquestion what is religion different things comes to everyoneââ¬â¢s head. Some people think of things such as Christianity and Islam or even Buddhism, and some even think that itââ¬â¢s just a belief of some fictitious being well for the most part those are somewhat correct. There really is not a clear definition of religion people and scholars throughout the ages all agree that a definition that constitutes a definition of religion has still not been reached. However, one can define religion is the belief inRead MoreFoundations of Mythology Essay757 Words à |à 4 Pagesdifferent meaning based on the contents of the word. It can have a religious tone to it, where it describes the foundations of some peopleââ¬â¢s belief system as most religions do. In an extreme case it can shape someoneââ¬â¢s way of life. It can also be used as an escape from reality in storytelling, where the author can create a whole other mystical world where logic doesnââ¬â¢t matter and you can bend the rules of reality as needed to fit the story. And also it can more of a dismissive tone to it. Where someoneRead MoreThe Value Of Faith And Religion1479 Words à |à 6 Pagesand Religion We often take advantage of the First Amendment of the United States Constitution that states that we have the right to practice any religion we desire. It is a civil right many people do not appreciate nearly enough. We do not realize that people in other countries do not have this privilege. In other countries, innocent people are being persecuted, killed, and tortured because of their religion and their religious practices. The most notable is the genocide of Jews during World WarRead MoreWhy Hinduism Should Be Considered A World Religion1299 Words à |à 6 Pages07/16/16 Why Hinduism Should Be Considered a World Religion Introduction Religion in the world today mostly depend on the number of adherents and the rate of at which they increase in the world. While considering the statistics, studies indicate that Islam is the fastest growing religion in the world and with a projection that by the year 2050, its popularity shall have increased more than any other religion in the world. Alongside Islam is the Hinduism, religion which is also projected to have a fasterRead MoreComparing The Nile, Mesopotamia, And Indus Civilizations1475 Words à |à 6 Pagescharacteristics that contributed to their success. What made these civilizations unique were the contributions that each one gave to the world. They contributed their own ideas and accomplishments in the areas of religion, science, and mathematics. These contributions defined each civilization and how they would be remembered, as well as, their importance to the world. These three civilizations created cultures that built societies and people for future generations. Starting around 3100 BC they beganRead MoreReligion And Its Impact On Society1699 Words à |à 7 PagesFor the past centuries religion has been a major force in the world and still continues to be one as there are billions of people that believe and follow a certain religion, but sadly religion has had a largely negative impact on the world today. As people continue to view religion in an unrealistic positive manner they continue to be deceived about its negative impact. During recent years there have been many headlines about how religion influenced people in performing terrible acts that oppress
The Apology Of The Stolen Generations - 1921 Words
The apology to the Stolen Generations was delivered by Prime Minister Kevin Rudd in the House of Representatives on the 13th February 2008. The national apology has become a symbol of hope for Indigenous and Torres Strait Islanders. Australia in modern day society are somewhat optimistic for the future of the relationship between both races. Attitudes to Indigenous lives and lifestyles, interactions and attitudes to personal involvement and cultural awareness and pride determines the quality of this relationship. The 2008 government apology to the Stolen Generations brought attention to the issue of reconciliation in a positive way that set an optimistic tone for the future. To improve the relationship between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians and provide equal life chances for all Australians, it is crucial to understand the underlying perceptions and values that influence society. An essential consideration in understanding the significance of the apology is to understand t he nature of mistakes and responsibilities to which the apology responds. State and territory parliaments delivered apologies which were recommended by the Bringing Them Home (1997) report of the Australian Human Rights Commission. This inquiry was based on the removal of Indigenous Torres Strait Islander and Aboriginal juveniles from their families, culture and land. Post events of the apology delivered in 2008, saw Kevin Rudd apologising again to the Forgotten Australians in November 2009. ItShow MoreRelatedThe Letter Apology Of The Stolen Generations By Kevin Rudd3036 Words à |à 13 PagesThe 2008 apology to the Stolen Generations by Kevin Rudd is historically significant for a number of reasons (Creative Spirits, 2014). Some felt it provided closure to a painful and traumatic part of Indigenous history while others fail to see how the apology has in the years after proven to change the circumstances of Indigenous peoples. Impacts in areas such as health, education, economic op portunity and involvement in child protection and/or the criminal justice system are all areas which shouldRead MoreThe Apology Of The Holocaust1294 Words à |à 6 PagesRudd, had finally apologised the Stolen Generations in his ââ¬Ësorryââ¬â¢ speech. The Apology was an important step towards rebuilding respectful and new relationships between indigenous and non-indigenous Australians, and to honour and apologize to stolen generations. Many Australians believe that respectful relationships are essential if we are to solve persistent problems. But poll results can sometimes show otherwise. We will see how the media saw the ââ¬Ësorryââ¬â¢ apology, how aboriginal and non- indigenousRead MoreEffects Of The Colonization Of Indigenous People860 Words à |à 4 Pagesalso their ancestors. They also have respect and responsibility for country and the wisdom and authority of Elders. This situates a strong emphasis on kinship and relationships within families and other members of Aboriginal communities. The Stolen Generation was the result of the trauma that the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders face today. Due to this trauma, this has led to them to losing their culture where they have now fallen at a disadvantage such as their immediate socioeconomic causesRead MoreWhat Did The Stolen 3 Generation Affected The Australian Population1423 Words à |à 6 PagesBackground: During the 1890ââ¬â¢s and 1970ââ¬â¢s, Indigenous Australians did not have equal rights as the ââ¬Ëwhiteââ¬â¢ Australians and were treated callously, anguished and tortured due to their race. The Stolen Generation was the event where children, who were of an Australian Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander descent, were removed from their families. Many Indigenous children were forcefully removed from their families, never being able to see them again. The treatment towards the Indigenous Australianââ¬â¢sRead MoreThe impacts of the Stolen Generation on Australian Life Essay1600 Words à |à 7 PagesThe Stolen Generation has had a great effect on Aboriginal rights and freedoms as Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders didnââ¬â¢t even have the rights to raise and look after their children and as a result 100,000 Aboriginal Australianââ¬â¢s were displaced and placed into white families. The lack of understanding and respect for Aboriginal culture also meant that many people who supported the removal of these children really thought they were doing ââ¬Å"the right thingâ⬠. The impact on Australian life todayRead MoreThe Long Journey Undertaken By Indigenous Australians1442 Words à |à 6 Pages2008, when the then Prime Minister, Kevin Rudd made an emotional speech to apologise to the Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders for the terrible suffering and heart wrenching battle they have experienced before, during and long after the Stolen Generation occurred. Though the relationship between the Indigenous and the non-indigenous has somewhat improved, the struggle for the indigenous in the 21st century is still riddled with prejudice and problems. The British colonised Sydney, Australia inRead MoreIndigenous Speeches Research Essay798 Words à |à 3 PagesSpeeches are an iconic and widely used means of expression for our political leaders, particularly when discussing issues of importance such as Indigenous Australia. Paul Keatingââ¬â¢s ââ¬ËRedfern Speechââ¬â¢ and Kevin Ruddââ¬â¢s ââ¬ËApology to Australiaââ¬â¢s Indigenous Peoplesââ¬â¢ are the two political speeches which I will be analysing in this paper. The structure of this paper will follow the Cultural Competency Framework as a means for exploring the above stated speeches. This framework moves through knowledge; informedRead MoreReconciliation with the Indigenous People of Australia Essay614 Words à |à 3 Pagesa major step in achieving this is for an official apology to be made by the Australian Government to indigenous Australians - especially those of the Stolen Generation. But as with any controversial issue in our society there are many differing views on the matter, in support and not in support of such a move. This essay will briefly outline these arguments subjectively. Firstly an argument in support of an apology is that such a statement would be simply recognizingRead MoreAboriginal And Torres Strait Islanders1290 Words à |à 6 PagesStrait Islanders for equality and social justice and acknowledged their right to make decisions about matters affecting their own lives. In recognition however of the past injustices faced, Australiaââ¬â¢s Prime Minister of 2008, Kevin Rudd, presented an apology speech as a sign of respect to all the Indigenous people and Torres Strait Islanderââ¬â¢s. In doing so, this humble and righteous action has broken down the racial barrier between Aboriginals and Australians. Ultimately, promoting the rights of indigenousRead MorePart Indigenous Speeches Essay1682 Words à |à 7 PagesAssignment 2 ââ¬â Part A: Indigenous speeches ââ¬â research essay The Apology ââ¬â Prime Minister Kevin Rudd On the 13th February 2008, Prime Minister Kevin Rudd, offered an Apology to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People by way of a speech that he presented to the 42nd parliament of the Commonwealth. His speech outlined the past oppression of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people who had to endure pain and suffering. Children were forcibly removed from their families. Mr Rudd opened
Econometrics Stocks of Microsoft Outperforms
Question: Discuss about the Econometrics for Stocks of Microsoft Outperforms. Answer: 1. Stocks of Microsoft outperforms or under performs in the market. Solution A stock can be identified as underperformed stock or out performed stock based on the value of alpha of the regression equation. On performing the regression equation of the stocks of Microsoft from January 1998 to December 2008, the following solution was observed. SUMMARY OUTPUT Regression Statistics Multiple R 0.584179 R Square 0.341265 Adjusted R Square 0.336197 Standard Error 0.089101 Observations 132 ANOVA df SS MS F Significance F Regression 1 0.534676 0.534676 67.34784 1.94E-13 Residual 130 1.032074 0.007939 Total 131 1.56675 Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95% Lower 95.0% Upper 95.0% Intercept 0.008773 0.007755 1.131246 0.260034 -0.00657 0.024116 -0.00657 0.024116 rm-rf 1.320997 0.160968 8.206573 1.94E-13 1.002541 1.639454 1.002541 1.639454 Table 1: Output of regression equation of the stocks of Microsoft (Source: created by author) The value of alpha of this regression equation is 0.008773, which is greater than 0. Since the value of alpha greater than zero indicates that the stock outperforms consistently, it could be interpreted that the stocks of Microsoft outperforms consistently. 2. Evaluation of the claim that Microsoft is an aggressive stock Solution A stock is said to be an aggressive stock when the beta value of the stock is greater than one as the variation of the stock is more. The stock is said to be a defensive stock when the beta value of the stock is less than one as the variation of the stock is less. In the regression equation of the stocks of Microsoft from January 1998 to December 2008, it was seen that the value of beta was 1.320997, which is greater than one (Seber and Lee 2012). Thus, it can be interpreted that the stocks of Microsoft (a Tech stock) is an aggressive stock as the beta value of this stock is greater than one. 3. Evaluation of the claim that the stocks of Mobil-Exxon are a defensive stock Solution A stock is said to be a defensive stock if the beta value of the stock is less than one which indicates that the variation of the stock is less. On performing regression equation of the stocks of Mobil-Exxon (xom), the following result had been found. SUMMARY OUTPUT Regression Statistics Multiple R 0.376656 R Square 0.14187 Adjusted R Square 0.135269 Standard Error 0.049673 Observations 132 ANOVA df SS MS F Significance F Regression 1 0.053029 0.053029 21.49221 8.53E-06 Residual 130 0.320757 0.002467 Total 131 0.373786 Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95% Lower 95.0% Upper 95.0% Intercept 0.010556 0.004323 2.441511 0.015971 0.002002 0.019109 0.002002 0.019109 rm-rf 0.416019 0.089737 4.63597 8.53E-06 0.238485 0.593554 0.238485 0.593554 Table 2: Output of Regression equation of the stocks of xom (Source: created by author) The value of beta coefficient of this regression equation is 0.416019, which is greater than one. This suggests that the variation of the stock is high (Cameron and Trivedi 2013). Thus, the claim that the stocks of Mobil-Exxon (xom) are defensive is not true. This is because the value of the stocks is not less than one. 4. The table is filled as per the results of regression equation at 95% confidence interval for the stocks given. SUMMARY OUTPUT (dis) Regression Statistics Multiple R 0.538186 R Square 0.289644 Adjusted R Square 0.28418 Standard Error 0.068417 Observations 132 ANOVA df SS MS F Significance F Regression 1 0.248122 0.248122 53.00681 2.83E-11 Residual 130 0.608522 0.004681 Total 131 0.856644 Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95% Lower 95.0% Upper 95.0% Intercept 0.001526 0.005955 0.256295 0.798128 -0.01026 0.013307 -0.01026 0.013307 rm - rf 0.899889 0.123601 7.280578 2.83E-11 0.655358 1.144419 0.655358 1.144419 Table 3: Regression output table of dis (Source: created by author) SUMMARY OUTPUT (ge) Regression Statistics Multiple R 0.623297 R Square 0.388499 Adjusted R Square 0.383795 Standard Error 0.054897 Observations 132 ANOVA df SS MS F Significance F Regression 1 0.248906 0.248906 82.5917 1.45E-15 Residual 130 0.391781 0.003014 Total 131 0.640687 Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95% Lower 95.0% Upper 95.0% Intercept 0.001509 0.004778 0.315749 0.7527 -0.00794 0.010962 -0.00794 0.010962 rm - rf 0.90131 0.099176 9.087997 1.45E-15 0.705103 1.097518 0.705103 1.097518 Table 4: Regression output table of ge (Source: created by author) SUMMARY OUTPUT (gm) Regression Statistics Multiple R 0.479893 R Square 0.230298 Adjusted R Square 0.224377 Standard Error 0.112137 Observations 132 ANOVA df SS MS F Significance F Regression 1 0.489115 0.489115 38.89646 5.8E-09 Residual 130 1.634723 0.012575 Total 131 2.123838 Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95% Lower 95.0% Upper 95.0% Intercept -0.00887 0.00976 -0.90923 0.364914 -0.02818 0.010435 -0.02818 0.010435 rm - rf 1.263461 0.202585 6.236702 5.8E-09 0.862671 1.664251 0.862671 1.664251 Table 5: Regression output table of gm (Source: created by author) SUMMARY OUTPUT (ibm) Regression Statistics Multiple R 0.636171 R Square 0.404714 Adjusted R Square 0.400135 Standard Error 0.070081 Observations 132 ANOVA df SS MS F Significance F Regression 1 0.43408 0.43408 88.38246 2.47E-16 Residual 130 0.63848 0.004911 Total 131 1.07256 Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95% Lower 95.0% Upper 95.0% Intercept 0.008527 0.0061 1.397893 0.164526 -0.00354 0.020595 -0.00354 0.020595 rm - rf 1.190259 0.126607 9.401195 2.47E-16 0.939782 1.440736 0.939782 1.440736 Table 6: Regression output table of ibm (Source: created by author) SUMMARY OUTPUT (xom) Regression Statistics Multiple R 0.376656 R Square 0.14187 Adjusted R Square 0.135269 Standard Error 0.049673 Observations 132 ANOVA df SS MS F Significance F Regression 1 0.053029 0.053029 21.49221 8.53E-06 Residual 130 0.320757 0.002467 Total 131 0.373786 Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95% Lower 95.0% Upper 95.0% Intercept 0.010556 0.004323 2.441511 0.015971 0.002002 0.019109 0.002002 0.019109 rm - rf 0.416019 0.089737 4.63597 8.53E-06 0.238485 0.593554 0.238485 0.593554 Table 7: Regression output table of xom (Source: created by author) SUMMARY OUTPUT (msft) Regression Statistics Multiple R 0.584179 R Square 0.341265 Adjusted R Square 0.336197 Standard Error 0.089101 Observations 132 ANOVA df SS MS F Significance F Regression 1 0.534676 0.534676 67.34784 1.94E-13 Residual 130 1.032074 0.007939 Total 131 1.56675 Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95% Lower 95.0% Upper 95.0% Intercept 0.008773 0.007755 1.131246 0.260034 -0.00657 0.024116 -0.00657 0.024116 rm - rf 1.320997 0.160968 8.206573 1.94E-13 1.002541 1.639454 1.002541 1.639454 Table 8: Regression output table of msft (Source: created by author) The above finding would help to frame the table given below: ^ 95% Confidence Interval for Lower bound Upper bound Microsoft 1.3189 1.002541 1.639454 GE 0.8993 0.705103 1.097518 GM 1.2614 0.862671 1.664251 IBM 1.1882 0.939782 1.440736 Disney 0.8978 0.655358 1.144419 XOM 0.4140 0.238485 0.593554 Table 9: results of the estimation (Source: created by author) 5. Interpretation of 95% confidence interval of GE, GM, Disney in terms of their risk profile Solution The beta value of GE was found to be 0.8993. The lower bound of 95% confidence interval was found to be 0.705103 while the upper bound was found to be 1.097518. The value of beta was found to be less than one (Kleinbaum et al. 2013). This can be interpreted that there is less deviation in the stocks of GE, which shows that the stocks of GE is defensive. Also, the confidence interval of this stock have the lower bound in the defensive region and it eventually changes to aggressive region in the upper bound. The beta value of the stocks of GM was found to be 1.2614. The value of the lower bound of 95% confidence interval is 0.8626 and the value of the upper bound is 1.664251. Since the beta value of the stock is greater than one, the stocks of GM are aggressive (Montgomery et al. 2015). The beta value of the stocks of Disney was 0.8978, which is less than one. The lower bound of the 95% confidence interval is 0.655358 while the value of upper bound is 1.144419. The stocks of Disney are defensive as the value of beta is less than one. This indicates that there is less variation among the stocks of Disney. 6. Choice of three stocks from the above Solution The investor seeks three stocks that have well diversified risk profiles. This indicates that the stocks must be aggressive and beta value of the chosen three stocks must be greater than one. This is because aggressive stocks indicate greater variation in the stocks which also indicates that the risk profiles are well diversified. From the above calculations it was seen Microsoft, GM and IBM are the three stocks that would be suitable for the investor. This is because the beta values of these three stocks are greater than one and they are aggressive stocks. Part II Explanation of expected excess returns of the stocks Solution The regression equation shows that the stocks of dis have the beta coefficient of 1.007 of the market premium. This shows that the stocks of dis would be influenced positively by the factor of 1.007 by market premium. The coefficient of size premium and value premium is given by -0.00041 and 0.002923 respectively. This indicates that the size premium would influence the stocks of dis negatively by a factor 0.00041 and value premium would influence if positively by a factor 0.002923. The regression equation of ge shows that the value of coefficients of market premium, size premium and value premium are 0.9567, -0.00564, -0.00209. This shows that market premium influences the stocks of ge positively by a factor 0.9567 while the other two factors influence the stocks negatively by a factor of 0.00564 and 0.00209 respectively (Draper and Smith 2014). The regression equation of gm shows that the value of coefficients of market premium, size premium and value premium are 1.57, -0.00082 and 0.008574 respectively. This shows that market premium and value premium influence the stocks of gm positively by a factor of 1.57 and 0.008574 respectively. The factor of size premium influences the stocks of gm negatively by a factor of -0.00082. The regression equation of ibm shows that the value of coefficients of market premium, size premium and value premium are 1.1493, -0.00219, -0.00267. This shows that the factor of market premium influences the stocks of ibm positively by a factor of 1.1493 while size premium and value premium influence the stocks negatively by a factor of -0.00219 and -0.00267 respectively. The regression equation of msft shows that the value of coefficients of market premium, size premium and value premium are 1.035, -0.00354 and -0.01084. This shows that the market premium influences the shares of msft positively by a factor of 1.035 while the size premium and the value premium influences the stocks negatively by a factor of -0.00354 and -0.01084 respectively (Draper and Smith 2014). The regression equation of xom shows that the value of coefficients of market premium, size premium and value premium are 0.5490, -0.00175, and 0.002786. This shows that the market premium and value premium influences the stocks of xom positively by a factor of 0.5490 and 0.002786 respectively while the factor of size premium influence the stocks of xom negatively by a factor of 0.00175. 2. Testing of hypothesis using f-test for dis Solution F-test was done for the variable dis to test the claim that dis is unrelated to size and value premium in context of the coefficients of Fama-French model. The hypothesis of this test is as follows: H0 : dis is unrelated to size premium H1 : dis is related to size premium The table below provides the result of this f-test: F-Test Two-Sample for Variances dis smb Mean 0.001378697 0.308864 Variance 0.006539264 16.59104 Observations 132 132 df 131 131 F 0.000394144 P(F=f) one-tail 0 F Critical one-tail 0.749410102 Table 10: f-test of disand smb (Source: created by author) Here, the value of F is less than the critical value of F; i.e. 0.000394144 0.749410102. Since, the f value of the test is less than the critical F value, the null hypothesis is accepted and it can be interpreted that dis is unrelated to size premium. The hypothesis of this F-test is as follows: H0 : dis is unrelated to value premium H1 : dis is related to value premium The table below provides the result of this f-test: F-Test Two-Sample for Variances dis hml Mean 0.001378697 0.360606 Variance 0.006539264 14.18226 Observations 132 132 df 131 131 F 0.000461088 P(F=f) one-tail 0 F Critical one-tail 0.749410102 Table 11: f-test of disand hml (Source: created by author) The table shows that the F value of the test is 0.000461088, which is less than the critical value of F of the test 0.749410102. It shows that the null hypothesis is accepted and dis is unrelated to value premium. 3. Hypothesis test of xom using f-test Solution Hypothesis test would be done in order to test the claim that the size and value premium do not affect the stocks of xom in context of the coefficients of Fama-French model. F-test would be used in this case. The following hypothesis would be given for this test. H0 : xom is unrelated to value premium H1 : xom is related to value premium The table below provides the result of this f-test: F-Test Two-Sample for Variances xom hml Mean 0.010488 0.360606 Variance 0.002853 14.18226 Observations 132 132 df 131 131 F 0.000201 P(F=f) one-tail 0 F Critical one-tail 0.74941 Table 12: f-test of xom and hml (Source: created by author) The table shows that the f value of the test is less than the critical value of the test; i.e. 0.000201 0.74941. This leads to the acceptance of null hypothesis and it can be interpreted that xom is unrelated to value premium. The following hypothesis would be used to test the relationship between stocks of xom and the size premium. H0 : xom is unrelated to size premium H1 : xom is related to size premium The table below provides the result of this f-test: F-Test Two-Sample for Variances xom smb Mean 0.010488 0.308864 Variance 0.002853 16.59104 Observations 132 132 df 131 131 F 0.000172 P(F=f) one-tail 0 F Critical one-tail 0.74941 Table 13: f-test of xom and smb (Source: created by author) F-test shows that the f value of the test is 0.000172 and the critical value of the test is 0.74941 (Sen and Srivastava 2012). This shows that the F value of the test is less than the critical value. The null hypothesis is accepted in this case and xom is unrelated to size premium. 4. Hypothesis test of msft to test the claim that it has same sensitivity to the size premium and value premium in context of the coefficients of Fama-French model Solution F-test would be used to test the claim that it has same sensitivity to the size premium and value premium in context of the coefficients of Fama-French model. The hypothesis of the test is as follows: H0 : msft is unrelated to size premium H1 : msft is related to size premium The table below provides the result of this f-test: F-Test Two-Sample for Variances msft smb Mean 0.008557 0.308864 Variance 0.01196 16.59104 Observations 132 132 df 131 131 F 0.000721 P(F=f) one-tail 0 F Critical one-tail 0.74941 Table 14: f-test of msft and smb (Source: created by author) The f value of the test is 0.000721 which is less than the critical value of the test 0.74941. This leads to the acceptance of null hypothesis and msft is unrelated to size premium. The hypothesis of the test is as follows: H0 : msft is unrelated to value premium H1 : msft is related to value premium The table below provides the result of this f-test: F-Test Two-Sample for Variances msft hml Mean 0.008557 0.360606 Variance 0.01196 14.18226 Observations 132 132 df 131 131 F 0.000843 P(F=f) one-tail 0 F Critical one-tail 0.74941 Table 15: f-test of msft and hml (Source: created by author) The f value of the test is 0.000843 and the critical value of the test is 0.74941 (Sanderson and Windmeijer 2016). The f value of the test is less than the critical value of the test. This leads to acceptance of null hypothesis and msft is unrelated to value premium. References Cameron, A.C. and Trivedi, P.K., 2013. Regression analysis of count data (Vol. 53). Cambridge university press. Draper, N.R. and Smith, H., 2014. Applied regression analysis. John Wiley Sons. Kleinbaum, D.G., Kupper, L.L., Nizam, A. and Rosenberg, E.S., 2013. Applied regression analysis and other multivariable methods. Nelson Education. Montgomery, D.C., Peck, E.A. and Vining, G.G., 2015. Introduction to linear regression analysis. John Wiley Sons. Sanderson, E. and Windmeijer, F., 2016. A weak instrument F-test in linear IV models with multiple endogenous variables. Journal of Econometrics, 190(2), pp.212-221. Seber, G.A. and Lee, A.J., 2012. Linear regression analysis (Vol. 936). John Wiley Sons. Sen, A. and Srivastava, M., 2012. Regression analysis: theory, methods, and applications. Springer Science Business Media.
Pearl Harbor free essay sample
Amanda Pesce November 1 1, 2008 History Paper 2 Pearl Harbor The attack on Pearl Harbor was a surprise strike by the Japanese naw against the United States. As a result of this, the United States became involved in World War II. Pearl Harbor was attacked on December 7, 1941, Sunday morning. Before the attack, Americans ignored the war and continued sending the British ships and tanks while their enemies were making bombs. Americans had cut off the Japanese oil supply. They only had enough for eighteen months. This resulted in a massive sudden strike; the Japanese annihilated the Pacific fleet in a single attack at Pearl Harbor. Over 2,400 Americans were killed and over 1,000 were wounded. The Japanese plan was to send out radio messages for Americans to intercept. They wanted to make sure to mention Hawaii in all the clutter, to confuse them. So, by the time the Americans decoded the message it would be too late. We will write a custom essay sample on Pearl Harbor or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The United States focused more on the Japanese missing ships, and where they went to. Some Americans in the government thought it had to do with an attack on Pearl Harbor but others did not believe such thing would happened, and they were protected. All their ships were grouped together so they wouldnt be spread out into the water, Just s a precaution. The Japanese sent out one of their own over to Hawaii to take pictures, so they could finish out their plan, and would help then where to best hit them first, and where everything was located. This was a long process over many months. The Japanese were ready for attack, they sent out ships and submarines first because they would take the longest to get to Pearl Harbor, then they sent out the aircrafts which only took about four days to get there. There were hundreds of aircrafts covering the sky, so they could attack from all directions. They arrived Sunday morning of December 7, 1941, while many were still sleeping. They first attacked the ships in the harbor with torpedoes from their ships and submarines. It was an easy target since all the American ships were grouped together. The torpedoes were made with a western fin so they were able to travel through the shallow harbor. Aircrafts dropped torpedoes and heavy bombs. Their next attack was on land, destroying the American Aircrafts. It was the biggest explosion that was never ending, the skies filled with fire and black smoke from the aftermath, aircrafts swarming the skies destroying everything. The Japanese sank and damaged many if not all battleships, destroyers and cruisers. Their main target was the U. S. S Arizona in which they succeeded. Aircrafts were destroyed; Americans tried to salvage what they could and fight back. They had few aircrafts left that may have saved Pearl Harbor from being indefinitely ruined. The Americans destroyed some Japanese aircrafts which resulted in the rest of them flying back to Japan. Sixty-five years ago today, the United States endured an attack on Pearl Harbor, devastating enemy attack on U. S. soil. ( Miles, Pearl Harbor) Japan hoped to eliminate Pearl Harbor as a threat to the Japanese Empires expansion south by destroying the U. S.
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